1. Tuple
    • Definition: A tuple represents a single row in a relational table. It is an ordered set of values corresponding to attributes of an entity.
    • Characteristics:
      • Each tuple is unique within a table (enforced by primary keys).
      • Represents a specific instance of an entity or relationship.
    • Example: In a Student table, a tuple could be:
      (101, 'Alice', 'CS', 21).

  1. Field
    • Definition: A field represents a single cell in a table, corresponding to the intersection of a row (tuple) and a column (attribute).
    • Characteristics:
      • Contains a single piece of data.
      • The value in a field is derived from the domain of its attribute.
    • Example: In a Student table, the Name field for one tuple may contain 'Alice'.

  1. Domain
    • Definition: A domain is the set of permissible values for an attribute. It defines constraints on the type, format, and range of values an attribute can hold.
    • Characteristics:
      • Ensures data validity and integrity.
      • Shared domains can enforce consistency across tables.
    • Example:
      • Domain of Age: Integer values between 0 and 120.
      • Domain of Email: Strings matching an email format.